Aims and objectives
This module will provide you with an understanding of the approaches that governments and other organisations take to promote formalised environmental management systems. We will concentrate on three of the most important formalised systems BS 7750, EMAS and ISO 14001, which have had a major influence on the adoption of formalised environmental management systems around the world.

Module objectives / Learning outcomes
Enabling objectives

After studying this module you should be able to:

• understand the development of the British Standard Specification for Environmental Management Systems, BS 7750 : 1994 and the influence that it had on the development of ISO 14001 and EMAS;
• understand the requirements of European Union's Eco-management and Audit Scheme (EMAS);
• understand the development and requirements of the International Standard on Environmental Management Systems, ISO 14001 : 1996;
• compare the requirements of ISO 14001 : 1996 with those of the EC's Eco-management and Audit Scheme (EMAS);
• describe the accreditation and verification/certification procedures for the schemes;

• describe the formal environmental audit or management requirements in a number of different countries.

• describe the formal environmental audit or management requirements in a number of different countries.

Terminal objective

• to understand the nature of, and approaches to, environmental audit and management programmes in different countries around the world.