Gwybodaeth Modiwlau

In comparison with Britain, so often taken as a paradigm, France provides a very different model of change. In drawing comparisons account has to be taken of differing geographical milieu, political experiences, an earlier demographic 'transition', and slower processes of commercialisation in farming, industrialization and urbanization. The period under consideration will be that beginning with an economic and demographic upturn around 1730/50 and sustained in spite of cyclical fluctuations to the eve of the First World War- a period of growth within essentially pre-industrial structures until the 1820/40s and succeeded by industrialization proper from the second half of the 19th century. Economic questions will additionally provide the means of entering into a broader consideration of changing social structures and relationships.